Saturday, April 30, 2011

Have you ever gone 'yellular' on your cellular phone?


If you look up in any standard dictionary, you will not find the word ‘yellular’. It is an interesting and useful  slang term which is frequently heard these days. The term is a blend of two familiar words: ‘yell’ (= to shout in a loud, sharp way) and ‘cellular’ (related to cell phone).

Mobile phones obviously help us to stay in touch with our dear and near ones. However, the incessant technical faults sometimes make it difficult for the listener to hear what the person on the other end says. It can be due to poor network coverage or technical glitch of the user’s cell phone among many other reasons.

What happens normally on such occasions? The speaker yells at the top of their voice, thinking that yelling will troubleshoot the fault and make the connection better! This act of shouting, which is often a nuisance for others, is called ‘yellular’. When you see someone does it, you can say, ‘he’s going yellular’.

More examples:
1) My Bengali roommate goes yellular whenever she talks to her parents who live in some remote village in West Bengal.

2) Tom: “Hey, why are you screaming through your cell phone?”
Jerry: “It’s a terrible line, buddy. So I’m trying my yellular technology!”

3) After disturbing our sleep by snoring aloud the whole night, he went yellular at 5 o’ clock in the morning.

4) Stop going yellular and try to call her back after some time.

Friday, April 29, 2011

KITCHEN CABINET


Becoming the premier or president of a country is one of the most ambitious and shining jobs in the world. But at the same time, while having been elected by the people in a democratic republic, such high profile leaders have to make very important decisions on various issues during their tenure in power to win the hearts of the citizens. And these decisions should also be wise enough to please the media and most importantly to silence the opposition.

In most of the cases, the head of a State does not make the decisions themselves. Rather, he or she consults a small group of people who are very close to them. This highly confidential group of people is called a ‘kitchen cabinet’. These unofficial advisors are not often politicians but the premiers implicitly trust them.

Why does the head of a state turn to kitchen cabinet for advice rather than depending on his own official cabinet? Perhaps, because the official cabinet consists of politicians – a species who are not meant to be trusted even if they belong to your own party!

The origin of the phrase ‘kitchen cabinet’ dates back to 1830s when Andrew Jackson was the President of the USA. Whenever an important decision had to be made, he would turn to three of his close friends whom he trusted the most. But the most interesting fact is that Jackson always let these decision makers enter the White House through the kitchen door as he did not want the media, the other ministers or the public to know the secret of ‘his’ decisions. It is also believed that most of their meetings took place in the kitchen – an activity that gave birth to a new phrase in English, 'kitchen cabinet'!

Today’s media also use a few other expressions to mean the same; ‘think tank’ and ‘brain trust’ being the most widely used ones.

So the next time your country’s premier or president is applauded for his people-friendly decisions, you can imagine how they made it possible!

Thursday, April 28, 2011

What does 'Adidas' mean?

Adolf Dassler was the younger of the two sons of a German cobbler. He is better known as the founder of ‘Adidas’, the second biggest sportswear manufacturer in the world, after its American rival ‘Nike’. Adidas is head quartered in Germany. The brand name ‘Adidas’ is a modified term made up of the brand owner’s name: ‘Adi’ and ‘Das’. ‘Adi’ was the nickname of Adolf Dassler.

Soon after Adi started his home-based shoe manufacturing business in 1920, his brother Rudolf Dassler also joined him as a partner.

The original name of the company was Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik (Dassler Brothers Shoe Factory). But when the elder brother split up with Adi few years later due to political and personal reasons, he renamed the brand 'Adidas'.

Today, Adidas develops revolutionary products for six sports: swimming, track & field, cycling, fencing, weightlifting and wrestling besides manufacturing bags, shirts, watches, eyewear, perfumes and other sports and clothing-related goods. Do you know that other familiar brands ‘Reebok’ and ‘Rockport’ are also the subsidiaries of Adidas?

Wednesday, April 27, 2011

TEXTUAL SATISFACTION!


What is the first thing you do immediately after coming out of a building in which the cell phone use is strictly prohibited? Or when you leave your boss’s cabin after an hour’s serious meeting with him? Perhaps the same thing that I do – taking out the mobile phone from the pocket impatiently and checking if I have any sms or missed calls!

And when you find that you had a few interesting messages or missed calls, you feel happy and you can’t hide the flash of smile on your face. You feel thrilled to see that someone was missing you when you were busy or unable to use the phone. Especially if the text messages/missed calls were from your beloved ones, you might feel ecstatic!

This feeling of satisfaction that you get when you realize that someone was missing you is called ‘textual satisfaction’. Notice the rhyming of the phrase with another well known term ‘sexual satisfaction’. Though the adjective ‘textual’ is related to text messages, the new coinage ‘textual satisfaction’ is now widely used to refer to the satisfaction from both sms and missed calls.

In this era of online social networking, the term is also used by many people to refer to the glimmer of happiness that you get when you see a good number of notifications, messages, comments or friend requests on such sites as Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, Orkut etc.

Do you know how much ‘textual satisfaction’ I get when I see a few precious comments by you on my blog? Indescribable!

Tuesday, April 26, 2011

Dictionary attack! Time to change your PASSWORD!



Dictionary attack refers to a particular method of breaking into a password-protected computer or server. This is the easiest and most favourite method of attack used by hackers all over the world to steal the passwords. As the very name ‘dictionary attack’ suggests, dictionary is the weapon with which the hacker attacks your password-protected system or server. It is also used for stealing the passwords of your email ID or social networking site accounts.

Now, you might think how a dictionary can be used as a weapon to steal a password. It is an undeniable fact that the majority of the individuals and organizations with an email ID uses a dictionary word as their passwords; perhaps you too! The reason is that dictionary words are precise and easy to remember. In simple terms, dictionary attack is the method of trying every word in a dictionary as a possible password of your computer, server, email ID etc. Years ago this kind of attack was very boring and time consuming for the attackers as they had to guess the password by manually typing each dictionary word one by one. But now the situation has changed; expert hackers have developed computer programs which can automatically generate and try all the dictionary words within the blink of an eye.

Therefore, it is high time that you changed your easy-to-remember password which is found in a dictionary especially an English dictionary. You can, however, bypass the dictionary attack by keeping an alpha-numeric password i.e. a combination of words and numbers along with a few symbols which are difficult to guess. If you want to be highly immune to such attacks, try to personalize your password by using a long meaningless jumble of letters and numerals which cannot be found in any dictionary in the world.

An extra piece of advice: never use the names or nicknames of your dear and near ones as your password, nor the date of birth, telephone number, vehicle number or reversed spelling of your own name because, besides hackers, even those who are closer to you might guess your password simply out of curiosity to peep into your valuable and highly confidential personal data!

Monday, April 25, 2011

Is the word 'PEOPLES' completely wrong? 'No...'

'People' is a word that a number of speakers of other languages misuse when they speak in English. Many of them, knowingly or unknowingly, use ‘peoples’ where ‘people’ must be used.

The word ‘people’ is a plural term, whose singular form is ‘person’. When you talk about human beings in general, you must use the term people. For example, it is incorrect to say, ‘I don’t like the peoples who talk a lot’. The sentence should be ‘I don’t like people who talk a lot’.

However, you cannot say that the word ‘peoples’ is totally meaningless or non-existent in English. When you use the word peoples you are referring to several groups of people and each group shares a common culture e.g. ‘his latest book is about the varied peoples of West Africa. The native peoples of Canada and their problems. In such sentences both ‘people’ and ‘peoples’ are correct. The latter is generally used where emphasis is necessary.

Sunday, April 24, 2011

Have you ever been Shanghaied?

A few days ago, I posted a blog on using ‘Bangalore’ as a verb. Today, let us discuss the name of another place which is also used as a verb. The place is Shanghai.

Shanghai is the most populated city in eastern China. In the mid of the 19th century, it was difficult to get enough number of experienced sailors for the merchant ships headed to the Orient from the West (the Orient refers to the East Asian countries while the West is a common term for Europe and North America). When the sailors were not willing to join the ship, they were compelled by fraud means which included tricking, intimidating, kidnapping and even drugging them.

Shanghai was the most common destination for the ships with such abducted crews. So, when a sailor was forced for compulsory service aboard a merchant ship, his bad luck was described as ‘he was Shanghaied.

In modern English, shanghai means ‘to trick or force somebody into doing something that they really do not want to do’. The past and past participle forms are shanghaied; the present participle form is shanghaiing.

More examples:
Simon shanghaied the girl into his Ferrari and drove away.
Mary’s parents are shanghaiing her into marrying Simpson.

Friday, April 22, 2011

Why 'GOOD Friday' is not 'BAD Friday'?

It is 'Good Friday' today. Christians all over the world observe Good Friday to commemorate the Crucifixion of Jesus Christ. It is observed every year on the Friday which comes immediately before Easter Sunday.

Do you know why this day is called ‘Good Friday’? Many people wonder why this day is not termed ‘Sad Friday’ or 'Bad Friday', as Jesus Christ was brutally killed on this day by being nailed to a cross.

There are three arguments behind the origin of the term 'Good Friday'. The most widely accepted argument is that Jesus Christ sacrificed his life willingly so that the sins of the people who believe in Him will be forgiven. Hence this day of sorrow is called 'Good Friday'.

The second argument goes like this: the adjective ‘good’ is an Old English synonym for ‘holy’ or ‘sacred’. So the term ‘Good Friday’ must be interpreted as ‘Holy Friday’.

According to the third and least accepted argument, ‘good’ in ‘Good Friday’ is a corruption of the word ‘God’. A few people believe that originally the day was named ‘God Friday’ which accidentally became ‘Good Friday’ in the long run!

The touching poem below was written after a Hindu friend asked the poet "Why is Good Friday 'good'? Shouldn't it be 'Bad Friday'?"

GOOD FRIDAY -
THIS SOMBRE DAY
WHEN CHRISTIANS MOURN
A 2,000 YEAR OLD DEATH.
HE DIED, SOME SAY, 
TO APPEASE A VENGEFUL GOD,
DEMANDING A ONE-TIME
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
FOR HUMAN SIN,
BOTH PAST AND YET TO COME.
IT WAS, THEY INSIST,
THE
 ONLY WAY
WE COULD BE SAVED.
OTHERS ASK
IS THIS THE SAME GOD
WHO SAID "THOU SHALL NOT KILL"
NOW OFFERING HIS SON
AS A SACRIFICIAL LAMB
TO BE SLAIN
FOR OUR SALVATION?
YET OTHERS SAY
HE DIED BECAUSE
HE LOVED TOO MUCH -
LOVED THE OUTCAST,
THE SINNER, THE SICK,
THE POOR, THE OPPRESSED.
AS HE HUNG THERE
BLEEDING, DYING,
SOME HEARD HIM SAY:
"FATHER, FORGIVE THEM.
 
THEY KNOW NOT WHAT THEY DO."
IS THIS WHAT MADE
 
THAT BAD DAY GOOD?
WHATEVER WE DO, HE HAD SAID,
WE DO TO HIM.
AND WE ARE CALLED
TO FOLLOW IN THIS WAY.
THUS, IF WE IGNORE ANOTHER'S PAIN
WE SURELY CRUCIFY HIM AGAIN.
IT WAS INDEED A BAD FRIDAY,
MADE
 GOOD BECAUSE
IT SHOWS THE WAY TO OUR SALVATION -
SALVATION AS LIBERATION.
LIBERATION
FROM OPPRESSION TO JUSTICE,
FROM WAR TO PEACE,
FROM HATE TO LOVE.
AND
 THIS 
IS TRULY
RESURRECTION.

Thursday, April 21, 2011

SOCIAL DRINKING and BINGE DRINKING...


Alcoholic drinks have always been a matter of hot debates among the peoples across the world. Here are a few drinking related words that might be of great daily use.

If a person is slightly drunk, you can say ‘he is tipsy. You can also describe him by saying ‘he is tight. One who drinks alcohol in very big quantities can be described with a funny idiom – ‘he drinks like a fish’. The term ‘social drinking’ is the act of drinking alcohol at a function etc without the intention of getting too much drunk. One who drinks alcohol only on such occasions can be called a ‘social drinker’.

In many societies, alcoholic drinks are served free at functions organized to celebrate a happy occasion like a wedding party. The temporary bar arranged at such places is called an ‘open bar’. At open bars, some people drink excessive quantities of alcohol with an intention of getting as intoxicated as possible and behave uncontrollably.This practice is widely known as ‘binge drinking’.

‘Booze’ is another popular term for alcoholic drinks. The word can be used either as a noun or as a verb e.g. 'A lot of booze [noun] was served at the party''He spent the whole night out boozing [verb] with his friends'. The adjective form ‘boozy’ can be used to describe a person as in, ‘she is fed up with living with her ‘boozy’ husband’

'When India won the Cricket World Cup, a few of my friends painted the town red'. The idiom means they kept moving from bars to clubs to pubs and enjoyed themselves!

Last but not least, there is a good number of people who never drink alcoholic beverages. They are called teetotallers.

Now tell me. What kind of a drinker are you?
A. social drinker.
B. boozy.
C. teetotaler.

You may comment below.

Wednesday, April 20, 2011

'A' 'B' 'C' 'D' and COUNTING

We often say or hear other people say that ‘he doesn’t know the ABC of mathematics’ which means that he doesn’t know even the fundamentals of the subject. But did you know that the letter ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’, or ‘D’ does not appear anywhere in the spellings of 1 to 99?

The letter ‘D’ comes for the first time in HUNDRED!

In addition, the letters ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ do not appear anywhere in the spellings of 1 to 999. The letter ‘A’ comes for the first time in THOUSAND. Incredible! Isn’t it?

What about ‘B’ and ‘C’? If you count each number and check the spelling one by one, it will take many months to, finally, find that the letter ‘B’ appears for the first time only in BILLION!

Now, let’s consider ‘C’. No doubt a number of words related to mathametics contain the letter C such as calculate, arithmetic, computing, circumcircle, con and so on. Even the terms ‘mathematics’ and ‘counting’ themselves have ‘C’ in them. But, surprising to say, the letter ‘C’ does not show up anywhere in the spellings of the entire English counting!

Unbelievable? Want to give it a try? Then start counting. O-n-e, T-w-o, T-h-r-e-e………

Tuesday, April 19, 2011

Don't get BANGALORED!

Even before the Global Economic Crunch hit America badly, many of the American companies started outsourcing their work to various cities in India. Most of such works are in the field of customer care, insurance, tele-marketing etc. The reason why such companies chose Indian cities is simple – plenty of man power with untapped professional skills, and of course cheap labour.
This new trend of offshoring work to a city in India gave birth to a new English word – Bangalore (as a verb). So, when an American says that he/she has been Bangalored, you can be sure that his company has moved its operations to Bangalore. Originally this word was used only to refer to a job which was offshored to Bangalore but now it is used as a general term for any job outsourced to any city in India such Delhi, Gurgaon, Noida, Hyderabad, Chandigarh and many more.
Although this word was coined by the Americans, an increasing number of multinationals and media across the world are lapping up this Americanism. Earlier too many American words have gained worldwide acceptance, to name a few – beautician, hospitalize, backpack etc. It is expected that the verb Bangalore too will creep into major English dictionaries very soon. The past and past participle form of the verb is ‘Bangalored’.
Here are some sentences to demonstrate how to use the verb ‘Bangalore’ accurately:
1. Bangaloring is one of the reasons some Americans don’t like Indians.
2. A US magazine reports that an estimated 70,000 Americans will be Bangalored by the end of this year.

Monday, April 18, 2011

'Unfriending' and 10 interesting facts about Facebook.



UNFRIEND is a verb which was coined by the worldwide users of Facebook. It means 'to remove a person from your friend-list on social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter etc'. Some people argue that the correct term should be DEFRIEND. Anyway, the term has already made its way into some of the well-known English dictionaries in the world!


And here are a 10 interesting facts about FACEBOOK that I googled today:
1. Over 500 million people use Facebook!

2. If Facebook were a country, it would be the fifth largest country in the world, after ChinaIndia, the U.S., and Indonesia!

3. 85%+ of all college students use Facebook and 70% of them log in everyday!

4. Facemash (first name of Facebook) attracted 450 visitors and 22,000 photo-views in its first four hours online!

5. Mark Zuckerberg, the founder and CEO of Facebook was once expelled from Harvard University for breach of security, violating copyrights and individual privacy!

6. Facebook removes approximately 20,000 profiles from the site every day for various kinds of violations, including spam, inappropriate content, underage use etc!

7. John Watson, a father who had been seeking his daughter for 20 years reunited with her after seeing her profile on Facebook – An excellent example of the positive social impact of Facebook!

8. An Egyptian man, Gamal Ibrahim, named his recently-born daughter ‘Facebook’. He did it because he thinks that the protests that were largely organized on social networks like Facebook, Twitter etc played a crucial role in the success of 2011 Egyptian Revolution!

9. Mark Zuckerberg is the youngest billionaire in the world who shot to meteoric success in a short span of time! He is also called an ‘accidental billionaire’ by a few. He literally proved that ‘an idea can change your life’!

10. Google is the only website which gets more web traffic than Facebook!

Sunday, April 17, 2011

DON'T GIVE EXAMS!

Sentences like ‘I will give my exam next week’, ‘When did you give your exam?’ etc have caused a lot of confusion among many non-native speakers of English.


When you say that you are 'giving’ an exam, it means that you are probably a teacher or examiner who is conducting the examination. And when you say that you are 'taking' an exam, you are going to be writing one; that is you are a student, candidate or examinee.

Unfortunately, in many parts of the world especially in south Asian countries like India (north in particular), Pakistan, Bangladesh etc this distinction is not always maintained. Due to MTI (mother tongue influence), the majority of people in these parts of the world translate their ideas word by word into English. Strange to say, a good number of speakers of English whose mother tongue is Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, Bangla, Haryanvi, etc use give in place of ‘take’ and take in place of ‘give’ while talking about an examination. This is ridiculous and totally opposite to Standard English!

So, if you are a candidate or student who has an exam next week, you should say, ‘I will take my exam next week’. This idea can also be conveyed in another way by saying, ‘I will sit my exam next week’ or ‘I will do my exam next week’. But do not say ‘I will take/write my exam next week

On the other hand, if you are a teacher who is going to conduct your students’ exam next week, you must say, ‘I will give you an exam next week’, not ‘I will take your exam next week’.

And now, a tip for the confused users to remember this rule: imagine exam is an ice cream. Examiner is your mother. You mother is giving you the ice cream (examiner is giving you the exam) and you are taking the ice cream (hence, taking the exam)!

Thursday, April 14, 2011

READ ON IF YOU HAVE A BANK ACCOUNT!


Phishing is a term that everyone who has a bank account needs to be familiar with, especially those who do Internet banking. Internet banking, also known as online banking refers to performing an online financial transaction such as an account to account transfer, payment of a bill, wire transfer, applying for a loan, opening a new account, etc.

Phishing is the fraudulent practice of sending emails which look like the emails that you normally receive from a bank or a reputed company that you are dealing with. The purpose of phishing is to lure you to reveal personal information such as passwords, bank account numbers, credit card numbers, online account transfer numbers etc.

Phishers usually send you emails which look almost 99% the same as the emails that you normally receive from a company/bank you trust. Such an email normally contains some suspicious information regarding your recent bank transactions, online money transfer and so on. For example, a phisher’s email may contain a message like this:

Dear Axis Bank* customer,

We would like to inform you that an amount of $24,500/- has been withdrawn from your account at 11:59 pm yesterday from one of our ATMs located in New Delhi. We do believe that you withdrew the money yourself. If not, please click on the following link as soon as you receive this email so that we can investigate the matter immediately and protect your account from fraudulent use.

At your service,
Team (Accounts), Axis Bank

The confused customer will click on the link given in the email immediately fearing the misuse of their hard-earned money. Interestingly, the link also will look surprisingly the same as the bank’s website so that an ordinary customer cannot differentiate it. When you click on the link, it will take you to a new window in which you will be prompted to enter your bank account number, credit card details, password etc. And now you can guess the danger of giving such confidential details to a stranger – here the phisher!

So the next time you get such a fishy email, SMS or instant message, don’t forget to call up your bank or other financial firm from whom you think the email might be from; ask them whether they sent you such an email or message before filling your valuable details onto a phisher’s fraudulent site. Otherwise, you are likely to end up letting your money go astray!

*the name Axis Bank is used only to exemplify the concept. It does not mean that only Axis Bank customers are vulnerable to phishing.

Happy Banking
&
Happy learning…

JACOB (Nova English Campus)

Monday, April 11, 2011

WATCH OUT! SPYWARE ON YOUR COMPUTER!

In this Internet-driven era, the Net users are continually bombarded with a lot of technical vocabulary – spyware, adware, malware, spamming, phishing and phreaking to name a few. In addition, new terms are coined virtually each passing day that may confuse even a techie.

Of course, if you are a casual user of the Internet as I am, you do not need to know what all these jargon mean. But you must be familiar with a few of such terms; not just for knowledge but for safety online.

To begin with, let us see what a spyware is. It is computer program that helps someone to gather some information about a person or organization without their knowledge. The concept will be clearer if we take an example. Probably you have downloaded many kinds of software from the Internet free of cost. While installing some of them step by step, you might have checked many boxes such as ‘I agree with the terms & conditions’, ‘send me newsletters occasionally’, ‘also download a free toolbar’ etc.

If you have ever downloaded a toolbar (knowingly or unknowingly) while downloading particular software, you are probably welcoming an uninvited guest – a spyware. The downloaded toolbar which is a spyware, always appears at the top of your Internet browser. It acts like a CC camera in a building – monitoring whatever you do! Spyware can also make their way into your computer when you download free music, movies, TV shows and so forth.

A spyware closely but in a friendly way observes what types of websites you frequently visit, what pictures or videos you often watch, what kind of information you usually share with others online, who you send the highest number of emails and so on. Then the spyware sends a detailed report about your online activities to the developers of the program. Those findings are then sold to a third party who may annoy you with pop-ups, unsolicited emails etc. Some of the more serious types of spyware are even capable of recording your credit card or bank information.

Sunday, April 10, 2011

YOU ARE SUFFERING FROM PMD, AREN'T YOU?


Post modem depression (PMD) is a kind of depression that some people suffer from when they realise they are unable to access the Internet. In other words, it is the sadness that you feel when you are unable to access the Net.

If you are an Internet addict, you may go into a post modem depression on various occasions for example, if you have ever happened to stay with your relatives or friends who are living in a remote area where there is no Internet access, you probably have experienced PMD. You may also go into such a depression when you cannot access the Net on your PC or cell phone due to some technical snag.

In this modern era of aggressive social networking on Facebook, Twitter, Orkut etc, the number of people who suffer from PMD is increasing alarmingly. I am sure that many of you frequently suffer from bouts of post modem depression, don’t you? Frankly speaking, quite often, I do.

More examples of the expression:

“My cousin Mohan went into a post modem depression when he visited me in my village. He wanted to update his Facebook account, but he just couldn't log in. He was so depressed; he didn't talk to me for a couple of hours.”

“My colleague Sam is a Facebook-addict. He often suffers from PMD whenever his dial-up Internet connection is too slow or fails completely. I advised him to get a broadband connection.”

“Watching TV or listening to music is sometimes helpful in getting rid of post modem depression

Wednesday, April 6, 2011

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN IF AND IN CASE.

Many people think IF and IN CASE have the same meaning. Most of them are able to use IF correctly but they are confused about the accurate use of IN CASE. Look at the following sentences:

(1) I will buy some meat IF Jane comes.
(2) I will buy some meat IN CASE Jane comes.

Are these two sentences the same in meaning? No! According to the first sentence, I will buy meat only after Jane’s coming. In other words, Jane will come first then I will buy meat (otherwise I will not buy). To make it more clear, [Jane’s coming first] and [meat-buying later]

The second sentence means, I will buy meat before Jane’s coming. It means, I am going to buy some meat first as I expect Jane but it does not matter whether Jane will come or not later. In short, [meat-buying first] and [Jane’s coming later].

One important thing to note here is, the if-clause can come either at the beginning of a sentence or at the last. Look at the following constructions:

I will buy some meat IF Jane comes (correct)
IF Jane comes, I will buy some meat (correct)

However, this inversion is not possible with IN CASE-clause. Compare:

I will buy some meat IN CASE Jane comes (correct)
IN CASE Jane comes, I will buy some meat (incorrect)

More examples:
I will wear a helmet IF an accident occurs. (..will wear helmet after accident)

I will wear a helmet IN CASE an accident occurs. (..will wear helmet in advance as a precaution)

I will carry the charger IF the mobile’s battery runs down. (will carry charger after battery is low)

I will carry the charger IN CASE the mobile’s battery runs down. (..will carry charger in advance as a precaution)

Friday, April 1, 2011

Have you ever been to Mumbai?

What is the difference between
‘JOHN HAS BEEN TO MUMBAI?’ and
‘JOHN HAS GONE TO MUMBAI?’

The first sentence means John went to Mumbai and came back. The second one means he went to Mumbai but didn’t come back.

‘Been’ in the first sentence means ‘visited’.

More examples:
Have you ever been abroad?
(Don’t ask ‘Have you ever been to abroad?’)

She has never been to Goa.

No one has ever been to heaven.

He has been living in Amritsar for 40 years but he has never been to Wagah Border.